Bahá'u'lláh had written that `Abdu'l-Bahá had special powers, and that God would make sure that if `Abdu'l-Bahá explained anything that Bahá'u'lláh said, then the Bahá'ís should believe that explanation. The Bahá'í New Year corresponds to the traditional Persian New Year, called Naw Rúz, and occurs on the vernal equinox, 21 March, at the end of the month of fasting. He produced over 18,000 works in his lifetime, in both Arabic and Persian, of which only 8% have been translated into English. Even the defence lawyers, who for two years have had minimal access to the defendants, had difficulty entering the courtroom. Bábís faced a period of persecution that peaked in 1852–53 after a few individual Bábis made a failed attempt to assassinate the Shah. The laws, when not in direct conflict with the civil laws of the country of residence, are binding on every Baháʼí. The Baha'i faith was founded in the mid-19th century C.E. [143] In the late 1970s the Shah's regime consistently lost legitimacy due to criticism that it was pro-Western. [66] Among the more well known are The Secret of Divine Civilization, the Tablet to Auguste-Henri Forel, and Some Answered Questions. [77] He announced in letters during the Ten Year Crusade that it would be followed by other plans under the direction of the Universal House of Justice, which was elected in 1963 at the culmination of the Crusade. Shoghi Effendi served for 36 years as the head of the religion until his death. Bahá'í Faith promotes secular studies and promises doctrinal conformation with the discoveries of worldly authorities. Adherence to ritual is discouraged, with the notable exception of the obligatory prayers. Schisms have occurred over the succession of authority, but any Baháʼí divisions have had relatively little success and have failed to attract a sizeable following,[50] numbering only a few hundred collectively. [149][152] The Friends court case has been postponed several times, but was finally underway on 12 January 2010. [168], During the 1920s Egypt's religious Tribunal recognized the Baha'i Faith as a new, independent religion, totally separate from Islam, due to the nature of the 'laws, principles and beliefs' of the Baha'is. Religion 19: pp. (, Hvithamar, Warburg & Warmind, eds. [36] Most religious specialists now see it as an independent religion, with its religious background in Shiʻa Islam being seen as analogous to the Jewish context in which Christianity was established. The religion has three central figures: the Báb (1819–1850), considered a herald who taught that God would soon send a prophet in the same way of Jesus or Muhammad and who was executed by Iranian authorities in 1850; Baháʼu'lláh (1817–1892), who claimed to be that prophet in 1863 and faced exile and imprisonment for most of his life; and his son, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá (1844–1921), who was released from confinement in 1908 and made teaching trips to Europe and the United States. [116] Baháʼí writings refer to an institution called a "Mas͟hriqu'l-Ad͟hkár" (Dawning-place of the Mention of God), which is to form the center of a complex of institutions including a hospital, university, and so on. He is forced to leave Baghdad for Constantinople, then Adrianople, Baháʼu'lláh is forced into harsher confinement in ʻAkká, in present-day Israel, His Will appointed ʻAbdu'l-Bahá as successor, His Will appointed Shoghi Effendi as Guardian, The Universal House of Justice is first elected. Depending on the size of the community in your area, meetings may be held in a community center or perhaps in a home. "[169], Baháʼí institutions and community activities have been illegal under Egyptian law since 1960. The Baháʼí Faith (/bəˈhɑːiː, bəˈhaɪ/; Persian: بهائی‎ Bahāʼi) is a new religion[a] teaching the essential worth of all religions and the unity of all people. The Báb taught that God would soon send a new messenger, and Baháʼís consider Baháʼu'lláh to be that person. It emphasizes on the betterment of society through the pursuit of processes of individual and social transformation. [33], Baháʼí beliefs are sometimes described as syncretic combinations of earlier religious beliefs. This website uses cookie or similar technologies, to enhance your browsing experience and provide personalised recommendations. Baha’is believe that Baha’ Allah and his forerunner, the Bab, were manifestations of God. [63], On the evening of 22 May 1844, Siyyid ʻAlí-Muhammad of Shiraz gained his first convert and took on the title of "the Báb" (الباب "the Gate"), referring to his later claim to the status of Mahdi of Shiʻa Islam. [119] The Baháʼí week is familiar in that it consists of seven days, with each day of the week also named after an attribute of God. [159] In March 2011 the sentences were reinstated to the original 20 years. The House of Justice then launched a nine-year plan in 1964, and a series of subsequent multi-year plans of varying length and goals followed, guiding the direction of the international Baháʼí community. [129], Baháʼu'lláh wrote of the need for world government in this age of humanity's collective life. [25], The Baháʼí writings describe a single, personal, inaccessible, omniscient, omnipresent, imperishable, and almighty God who is the creator of all things in the universe. Mírzá Husayn ʻAlí Núrí was one of the early followers of the Báb, and later took the title of Baháʼu'lláh. 2. Now, for the first time, Bahá’í Faith unveils a new paradigm: That humanity and the universe are all One. The principal Baha’i tenets are the essential unity of all religions and the unity of humanity. Baha’i faith symbol: The Bahai symbol of the nine-pointed star reflects the importance of the number for the Faith. “He Who is your Lord, the All-Merciful, cherisheth in His heart the desire of beholding the entire human race as one soul and one body.”. After receiving chastising letters from Baháʼu'lláh, Ottoman authorities turned against him and put him under house arrest in Adrianople (now Edirne), where he remained for four years, until a royal decree of 1868 banished all Bábís to either Cyprus or ʻAkká. The Baháʼí Faith is described in reliable sources as a 'religion', 'sect'. [67] He died there in 1892. Embalming or cremating the body is strongly discouraged. Baháʼu'lláh was put in prison. Baháʼí communities gather at the beginning of each month at a meeting called a Feast for worship, consultation and socializing. 4. Currently, no country has a Baháʼí majority.[105]. Baháʼís should make a 19% voluntary payment on any wealth in excess of what is necessary to live comfortably, after the remittance of any outstanding debt. If there is a community center, often tours are available. [95], The Baháʼí Faith is currently the largest religious minority in Iran,[96] Panama[97] and Belize,[98] the second largest international religion in Bolivia,[99] Zambia,[100] and Papua New Guinea;[101] and the third largest international religion in Chad[102][103] and Kenya.[104]. The former consists of two five-pointed stars interspersed with a stylized Baháʼ whose shape is meant to recall the three onenesses,[122] while the latter is a calligraphic rendering of the phrase Yá Baháʼu'l-Abhá (يا بهاء الأبهى "O Glory of the Most Glorious!"). Baháʼu'lláh first announces his claim to divine revelation in Baghdad, Iraq. [60] Although they are distinct movements, the Báb is so interwoven into Baháʼí theology and history that Baháʼís celebrate his birth, death, and declaration as holy days, consider him one of their three central figures (along with Baháʼu'lláh and ʻAbdu'l-Bahá), and a historical account of the Bábí movement (The Dawn-Breakers) is considered one of three books that every Baháʼí should "master" and read "over and over again". They further state: "The Baha'i Faith is the only religion to have grown faster in every United Nations region over the past 100 years than the general population; Bahaʼi … Many Bahá'ís, including the Bab, have become martyrs or imprisoned by the Iranian government. [28][29], Baháʼí teachings state that God is too great for humans to fully comprehend, or to create a complete and accurate image of by themselves. The official website of the Baha'i Faith is: Bahai.org.The official website of the Baha'is of the United States can be found here: Bahai.us. Additionally notes taken of a number of his talks were published in various volumes like Paris Talks during his journeys to the West. According to The World Almanac and Book of Facts 2004: The majority of Baháʼís live in Asia (3.6 million), Africa (1.8 million), and Latin America (900,000). Bahá’u’lláh, the latest of these Messengers, explained that the religions of the world come from the same Source and are in essence successive chapters of one religion from God. This book reveals that Baha'u'llah never claimed to be a Prophet, but rather Allah (God) himself. [140] In one case in Yazd in 1903 more than 100 Baháʼís were killed. The Special Rapporteur is concerned that this latest development indicates that the situation with regard to religious minorities in Iran is, in fact, deteriorating. [173], This article is about the global religious community. [14] It is derived from the Arabic Baháʼ (بهاء), meaning "glory" or "splendor". [e], At local, regional, and national levels, Baháʼís elect members to nine-person Spiritual Assemblies, which run the affairs of the religion. [161], The Iranian government claims that the Baháʼí Faith is not a religion, but is instead a political organization, and hence refuses to recognize it as a minority religion. It began when a man named Siyyid Ali Muhammad who is also called the Bab predicted that a man would come after him who would become one of the great prophets as were Adam, Moses, Krishna, Buddha, Christ, Zoroaster and Mohammed. The Baha'i faith is a religion that was founded in Iran in 1863. [162] However, the government has never produced convincing evidence supporting its characterization of the Baháʼí community. These clerical directives led to mob attacks and public executions. A member is called a Bahá’í (plural: Bahá’ís). The Baha’i Faith was founded by two Divine Educators, the Bab and Baha’u’llah. The writings belief describes a single, personal, inaccessible, omniscient, omnipresent, imperishable, and almighty God who is the creator of all things in the universe. Bahá'í at a glance. The Báb's claim to divine revelation was rejected by the generality of Islamic clergy in Iran, ending in his public execution by authorities in 1850. [27], Each of the 19 months is given a name which is an attribute of God; some examples include Baháʼ (Splendour), ʻIlm (Knowledge), and Jamál (Beauty). [27] The conflicts escalated in several places to military sieges by the Shah's army. Baháʼí sources since 1991 usually estimate the worldwide Baháʼí population to be above 5 million. [30][31] According to the Baháʼí teachings the human purpose is to learn to know and love God through such methods as prayer, reflection, and being of service to others. It was first translated into English in 1906, becoming one of the earliest available books of Baháʼu'lláh to the West. The views expressed in our content reflect individual perspectives and do not represent the official views of the Baha'i Faith. Jan 16, 2015 - Classroom or homeschool resources to teach children about the Baha'i Faith. [b] Established by Baháʼu'lláh in the 19th century, it initially developed in Persia and parts of the Middle East, where it has faced ongoing persecution since its inception. "[112], Baháʼu'lláh prohibited a mendicant and ascetic lifestyle. [91] The World Christian Encyclopedia estimated 7.1 million Baháʼís in the world in 2000, representing 218 countries,[92] and 7.3 million in 2010[93] with the same source. 17 January … Jan 16, 2015 - Classroom or homeschool resources to teach children about the Baha'i Faith .. By 1987, the number of officially recognized development projects had increased to 1482. The latter do not serve as clergy, which the Baháʼí Faith does not have. [139] When the Báb started attracting a large following, the clergy hoped to stop the movement from spreading by stating that its followers were enemies of God. Therefore, human understanding of God is achieved through his revelations via his Manifestations. [121] The ringstone symbol and calligraphy of the Greatest Name are also often encountered. [59], The Baháʼí Faith formed from the Iranian religion of the Báb, a merchant who began preaching a new interpretation of Shia Islam in 1844. [27], Most Baháʼí meetings occur in individuals' homes, local Baháʼí centers, or rented facilities. [113] Interracial marriage is also highly praised throughout Baháʼí scripture. [164] These accusations against the Baháʼís have no basis in historical fact,[165][145][166] and the accusations are used by the Iranian government to use the Baháʼís as "scapegoats". According to Baháʼí belief when a human dies the soul is permanently separated from the body and carries on in the next world where it is judged based on the person's actions in the physical world. According to Britannica, the Baháʼí Faith (as of 2010) is established in 221 countries and territories and has an estimated seven million adherents worldwide. [76] In 1953, he launched the first international plan, the Ten Year World Crusade. [27] These include the Seven Valleys and the Four Valleys. 63-91. [158] After the sentence, they were transferred to Gohardasht prison. As the Báb's teachings spread, which the Islamic clergy saw as blasphemous, his followers came under increased persecution and torture. A&C Black. The faith is moving around three core principle or doctrine on the basis of Baha’i teachings i.e. Baháʼís do not expect a new manifestation of God to appear within 1000 years of Baháʼu'lláh's revelation. The Bahá'í New Year corresponds to the traditional Persian New Year, called Naw Rúz, and occurs on the vernal... 3. [140] During that campaign, initiated by Mulla Muhammad Taghi Falsafi, the Baha'i center in Tehran was demolished at the orders of Tehran military governor, General Timor Bakhtiar. [24] The Baháʼí teachings state that the unification of humanity is the paramount issue in the religious and political conditions of the present world. The Baha’i Faith, the world’s newest independent global belief system, teaches the oneness of God, the unity of humanity, and the essential harmony of religion. [141] Baháʼí schools, such as the Tarbiyat boys' and girls' schools in Tehran, were closed in the 1930s and 1940s, Baháʼí marriages were not recognized and Baháʼí texts were censored. It is the most diverse religion on earth and a force for peace and unity around the world. [112] Although parents should not choose partners for their children, once two individuals decide to marry, they must receive the consent of all living biological parents, whether they are Baháʼí or not. For other related uses, see, Monotheistic religion founded by Baháʼu'lláh. The Bahá'í faith is one of the youngest of the world's major religions. The general functions of this body are defined through the writings of Baháʼu'lláh and clarified in the writings of Abdu'l-Bahá and Shoghi Effendi. [112] Baháʼu'lláh highly praised marriage, discouraged divorce, and required chastity outside of marriage; Baháʼu'lláh taught that a husband and wife should strive to improve the spiritual life of each other. After initially strict and harsh confinement, he was allowed to live in a home near ʻAkká, while still officially a prisoner of that city. Conversely, certain general principles (for example, neighbourliness, or charity) are seen to be universal and consistent. 'Note on transliteration, dates and names', in Brookshaw & Fazel, eds. It was initiated and established by the Báb and various works were written in calligraphy shaped into a five-pointed star. [27], The following principles are frequently listed as a quick summary of the Baháʼí teachings. The faith is moving around three core principle or doctrine on the basis of Baha’i teachings i.e. Bahá’ís believe the crucial need facing humanity is to find a unifying vision of the future of society and of the nature and purpose of life. [40] Baháʼu'lláh is believed to have fulfilled the messianic expectations of these precursor faiths. 6. [96] Baháʼí cemeteries have been desecrated and property has been seized and occasionally demolished, including the House of Mírzá Buzurg, Baháʼu'lláh's father. This includes works by his son ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, and the Báb, who is regarded as Baháʼu'lláh's forerunner. [10] His followers were therefore known as Bábís. Prayer in the faith lies between obligatory prayer and devotional (general) prayer. Prominent among Baháʼí literature are the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, the Kitáb-i-Íqán, Some Answered Questions, and The Dawn-Breakers. QuickFacts. "[151], On 14 May 2008, members of an informal body known as the "Friends" that oversaw the needs of the Baháʼí community in Iran were arrested and taken to Evin prison. The Bahá’í Faith is an independent world religion. Bahá’í devotional gatherings, worship services, informational meetings, children’s classes, and celebrations are all open to the public. As is often the case, the persecution has arisen from a combination of religious and social factors. Although the Baháʼí teachings have a strong emphasis on social and ethical issues, a number of foundational texts have been described as mystical. As the anti-Shah movement gained ground and support, revolutionary propaganda was spread which alleged that some of the Shah's advisors were Baháʼís. Since the Islamic Revolution of 1979 Iranian Baháʼís have regularly had their homes ransacked or have been banned from attending university or from holding government jobs, and several hundred have received prison sentences for their religious beliefs, most recently for participating in study circles. TheBaha’i Faith (incorrectlycalled Baha’ism) is an independentworld religion founded in Persia (now Iran) in 1844. [54], Some of Baháʼu'lláh's most important writings include the Kitáb-i-Aqdas ("Most Holy Book"), which defines many laws and practices for individuals and society,[55] the Kitáb-i-Íqán ("Book of Certitude"), which became the foundation of much of Baháʼí belief,[56] and Gems of Divine Mysteries, which includes further doctrinal foundations. Q: What's it like for Bahá'ís in Iran vs those in the west? [65][70] ʻAbdu'l-Bahá had shared his father's long exile and imprisonment, which continued until ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's own release as a result of the Young Turk Revolution in 1908. [81][82] Additional lines of action include social action and participation in the prevalent discourses of society. [23] Three principles are central to these teachings: the unity of God, the unity of religion, and the unity of humanity. Centers of Learning The Baha’is of the United States operate three year-round conference and retreat centers that offer a wide range of programming for adults, youth and children. The payments go to the, This page was last edited on 17 January 2021, at 16:54. The Baha’i Faith and Addiction Addiction robs the individual of specific traits needed to live a fulfilling life. Obedience to government and non-involvement in partisan politics. [78], Current initiatives of social action include activities in areas like health, sanitation, education, gender equality, arts and media, agriculture, and the environment. According to the Bahá'í calendar: 1 Year = 19 months, months = 19 days, with four or five intercalary days, to make a... 2. Baha'i Faith Baha'i Faith fast facts and introduction. [27] Though inaccessible directly, God is nevertheless seen as conscious of creation, with a will and purpose expressed through messengers called Manifestations of God. In May 2018, the Iranian authorities expelled a young woman student from university of Isfahan because she was Baháʼí. Humanity is seen as essentially one, though highly varied; its diversity of race and culture are seen as worthy of appreciation and acceptance. They are derived from transcripts of speeches given by ʻAbdu'l-Bahá during his tour of Europe and North America in 1912. [35][46], With specific regard to the pursuit of world peace, Baháʼu'lláh prescribed a world-embracing collective security arrangement for the establishment of a temporary era of peace referred to in the Baha'i teachings as the Lesser Peace. Unity of God; Unity of religion; and Unity of humanity. This then would lead to a new world age … [10] ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's death in 1921 marks the end of what Baháʼís call the "heroic age" of the religion. [24] From the time of the initial exile from Iran, tensions grew between him and Subh-i-Azal, the appointed leader of the Bábís, who did not recognize Baháʼu'lláh's claim. The number nine is the highest single-digit number symbolizes completement and the fulfillment of the expectations of all prior religions. [f] An approved and coordinated anti-Baháʼí campaign (to incite public passion against the Baháʼís) started in 1955 and it included the spreading of anti-Baháʼí propaganda on national radio stations and in official newspapers. Baháʼu'lláh established the elected Universal House of Justice, and ʻAbdu'l-Bahá established the appointed hereditary Guardianship and clarified the relationship between the two institutions. [114] Monasticism is forbidden, and Baháʼís are taught to practice spirituality while engaging in useful work. 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All one Complete 30 Days Study Plan to score high in Prelims ]!, Hvithamar, Warburg & Warmind, eds you agree to our have a estimate... ” or “ the Baha ' i Faith and Addiction Addiction robs the of... Was invited as the only non-governmental speaker during the 19th century [ 94 ] this source 's systematic. Answered Questions, and the Four Valleys elect local, regional, and Báb! The individual turn in prayer each day. [ 105 ] 2000 Millennium Forum of the,. Has been the elected head of the world ’ s second-most widespread religion after Christianity, spanning the and. This lay the difficulty which the Islamic clergy saw as blasphemous, his came... Or homeschool resources to teach children about the Baha ’ i belief is a which! Of these Baháʼí calendar is based upon the calendar established by the Iranian government also accuses the Baháʼí teachings a., ” or “ the Baha ’ i Faith verily, abide by the Bahaullah of who... 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